ANKLE SPRAIN GRADES
Abstract
Ankle ligament sprains are usually graded on the basis of difficulty or injury such as Grade I, II, and III and most common causes of musculoskeletal joint pain and disability encountered in daily physical life.
keywords
Ankle sprain, Ligament, Ankle sprain grade,Ligament injury
Introduction
Ankle sprain are the most common source of musculoskeletal joint pain and disability encountered in daily physical life. Ankle sprain create difficulty in the balance between joint mobility and joint stability. Ankle ligament sprains are usually graded on the basis of difficulty or injury such as Grade I, II, and III.1, 2
GRADES
Ankle ligament sprains are usually graded on the basis of difficulty or injury.
Grade- I Partial tear of a ligament
Grade I ankle sprains incorporates the mild stretching of the ligament (ligament is the fibrous connective tissue that attach one bone to another bones) complex without joint instability.
Grade I sprains is painful, mild swelling around the bone on the outside of the ankle but there is slight or no loss of function, mild tenderness and patient is able to bear weight.
The generally accepted therapy of grade I is Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation. Therapy will resolve the problem within 7–14 days.
Grade II
Grade II ankle sprains incorporates the moderate ligament damage, mild to moderate ecchymosis, instability of the joint resulting from moderate pain, swelling and stiffness in the ankle joint, a little loss of motion and function.
Grade III
In this sprains complete rupture of the ligament (medial and lateral ligaments) with gross instability of the joint resulting from severe swelling, ecchymosis, Loss of function and motion.3,4,5,6
Conclusion
Ankle sprains are usually graded on the basis of difficulty or injury such as Grade I, II, and III.
References
1.Hubbard Tricia J, Wikstrom Erik A. Ankle sprain: pathophysiology, predisposing factors, and management strategies, Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine 2010:1.
2.Petersen Wolf, Rembitzki Ingo Volker, Koppenburg Andreas Gösele, Ellermann Andre, Liebau Christian, Brüggemann Gerd Peter, Best Raymond. Treatment of acute ankle ligament injuries: a systematic review. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg (2013) 133:1129–1141.
3.Wolfe Michael W, UHL Tim L., Mattacola Carl G, Mccluskey Leland C, Management of Ankle Sprains. American Family Physician, January 1, 2001 / Volume 63, Number 1.
4.Whitmana J.M, Childsc J.D, Walker V. The use of manipulation in a patient with an ankle sprain injury not responding to conventional management: a case report. Manual Therapy 10 (2005) 224–231.
5.Seah Richard, and Mani-Babu Sivanadian. Managing ankle sprains in primary care: what is best practice? A systematic review of the last 10 years of evidence. British Medical Bulletin 2011; 97: 105–135.
6.Gino M Kerkhoffs et al. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of ankle sprains: an evidence-based clinical guideline. Br J Sports Med 2012; 46:854–860.
Abstract
Ankle ligament sprains are usually graded on the basis of difficulty or injury such as Grade I, II, and III and most common causes of musculoskeletal joint pain and disability encountered in daily physical life.
keywords
Ankle sprain, Ligament, Ankle sprain grade,Ligament injury
Introduction
Ankle sprain are the most common source of musculoskeletal joint pain and disability encountered in daily physical life. Ankle sprain create difficulty in the balance between joint mobility and joint stability. Ankle ligament sprains are usually graded on the basis of difficulty or injury such as Grade I, II, and III.1, 2
GRADES
Ankle ligament sprains are usually graded on the basis of difficulty or injury.
Grade- I Partial tear of a ligament
Grade I ankle sprains incorporates the mild stretching of the ligament (ligament is the fibrous connective tissue that attach one bone to another bones) complex without joint instability.
Grade I sprains is painful, mild swelling around the bone on the outside of the ankle but there is slight or no loss of function, mild tenderness and patient is able to bear weight.
The generally accepted therapy of grade I is Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation. Therapy will resolve the problem within 7–14 days.
Grade II
Grade II ankle sprains incorporates the moderate ligament damage, mild to moderate ecchymosis, instability of the joint resulting from moderate pain, swelling and stiffness in the ankle joint, a little loss of motion and function.
Grade III
In this sprains complete rupture of the ligament (medial and lateral ligaments) with gross instability of the joint resulting from severe swelling, ecchymosis, Loss of function and motion.3,4,5,6
Conclusion
Ankle sprains are usually graded on the basis of difficulty or injury such as Grade I, II, and III.
References
1.Hubbard Tricia J, Wikstrom Erik A. Ankle sprain: pathophysiology, predisposing factors, and management strategies, Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine 2010:1.
2.Petersen Wolf, Rembitzki Ingo Volker, Koppenburg Andreas Gösele, Ellermann Andre, Liebau Christian, Brüggemann Gerd Peter, Best Raymond. Treatment of acute ankle ligament injuries: a systematic review. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg (2013) 133:1129–1141.
3.Wolfe Michael W, UHL Tim L., Mattacola Carl G, Mccluskey Leland C, Management of Ankle Sprains. American Family Physician, January 1, 2001 / Volume 63, Number 1.
4.Whitmana J.M, Childsc J.D, Walker V. The use of manipulation in a patient with an ankle sprain injury not responding to conventional management: a case report. Manual Therapy 10 (2005) 224–231.
5.Seah Richard, and Mani-Babu Sivanadian. Managing ankle sprains in primary care: what is best practice? A systematic review of the last 10 years of evidence. British Medical Bulletin 2011; 97: 105–135.
6.Gino M Kerkhoffs et al. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of ankle sprains: an evidence-based clinical guideline. Br J Sports Med 2012; 46:854–860.
